誰が ガイウス・ユリウス・カエサル と結婚しましたか？

ガイウス・ユリウス・カエサル（ラテン語: Gaius Iulius Caesar、Juliusとも、紀元前100年 - 紀元前44年3月15日）は、共和政ローマ末期の政務官であり、文筆家。

「賽は投げられた」(alea jacta est)、「来た、見た、勝った」(veni, vidi, vici) 、「ブルータス、お前もか」(et tu, Brute?) などの特徴的な引用句でも知られる。また彼が布告し彼の名が冠された暦（ユリウス暦）は、紀元前45年から1582年まで1600年間以上に渡り欧州のほぼ全域で使用され続けた。

古代ローマで最大の野心家と言われ、マルクス・リキニウス・クラッスス及びグナエウス・ポンペイウスとの第一回三頭政治と内戦を経て、永久独裁官（ディクタトル・ペルペトゥオ）となった。しかし、その直後暗殺され、カエサルの時代は終焉を迎える。

「カエサル」の名は、帝政初期にローマ皇帝が帯びる称号の一つ、帝政後期には副帝の称号となった（テトラルキア参照）。ドイツ語のKaiser（カイザー）やロシア語のцарь（ツァーリ）など、皇帝を表す言葉の語源でもある。

従来カエサルはポプラレス（民衆派）とされてきたが、当時の政治状況を簡単に二分することはできないため、「カエサル派」とすべきだとする意見がある。

Cornelia (c. 97 – c. 69 BC) was either the first or second wife of Julius Caesar, and the mother of his only legitimate child, Julia. A daughter of Lucius Cornelius Cinna, Cornelia was related by birth or marriage to many of the most influential figures of the late Republic.

Pompeia (fl. 1st century BC) was either the second or third wife of Julius Caesar. Pompeia's parents were Quintus Pompeius Rufus, a son of a former consul, and Cornelia, the daughter of the Roman dictator Sulla. Caesar married Pompeia in 67 BC, after he had served as quaestor in Hispania, his first wife Cornelia having died in 69 BC.

In 63 BC, Caesar was elected to the position of the Pontifex Maximus, the chief priest of the Roman state religion, which came with an official residence on the Via Sacra. In 62 BC, Pompeia hosted there the festival of the Bona Dea ("good goddess"), which no man was permitted to attend. However, a young patrician named Publius Clodius Pulcher managed to gain admittance disguised as a woman, apparently for the purpose of seducing Pompeia. He was caught and prosecuted for sacrilege. Caesar gave no evidence against Clodius at his trial, and he was acquitted. Nevertheless, Caesar divorced Pompeia, saying that "my wife ought not even to be under suspicion".

Nothing specific is known about her life after the divorce, but it has been proposed that she may have married Publius Vatinius. Pompeia is depicted in various works of fiction including Robert Harris's Lustrum and Colleen McCullough's Masters of Rome series; in the Masters of Rome series, the theory that she remarried to Publius is depicted.

Calpurnia was either the third or fourth wife of Julius Caesar, and the one to whom he was married at the time of his assassination. According to contemporary sources, she was a good and faithful wife, despite her husband's infidelity; and, forewarned of the attempt on his life, she endeavoured in vain to prevent his murder.