誰が Muhammad と結婚しましたか？

Muhammad (c. 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, military and political leader, as well as the founder of Islam. According to Islam, he was the final prophet of God who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monotheistic teachings of Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets in Islam. He is believed by Muslims to be the Seal of the Prophets, and along with the Quran, his teachings and normative examples form the basis for Islamic religious belief.

According to the traditional account, Muhammad was born in Mecca to the aristocratic Banu Hashim clan of the Quraysh. He was the son of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Amina bint Wahb. His father, Abdullah, the son of tribal leader Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, died around the time Muhammad was born. His mother Amina died when he was six, leaving Muhammad an orphan. He was raised under the care of his grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib, and paternal uncle, Abu Talib. In later years, he would periodically seclude himself in a mountain cave named Hira for several nights of prayer. When he was 40, in c. 610, Muhammad reported being visited by Gabriel in the cave and receiving his first revelation from God. In 613, Muhammad started preaching these revelations publicly, proclaiming that "God is One", that complete "submission" (Islām) to God (Allāh) is the right way of life (dīn), and that he was a prophet and messenger of God, similar to other prophets in Islam.

Muhammad's followers were initially few in number, and experienced persecution by Meccan polytheists for 13 years. To escape ongoing persecution, he sent some of his followers to Abyssinia in 615, before he and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina (then known as Yathrib) later in 622. This event, the Hijrah, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, also known as the Hijri calendar. In Medina, Muhammad united the tribes under the Constitution of Medina. In December 629, after eight years of intermittent fighting with Meccan tribes, Muhammad gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and marched on the city of Mecca. The conquest went largely uncontested, and Muhammad seized the city with minimal casualties. In 632, a few months after returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage, he fell ill and died. By the time of his death, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam.

The revelations (waḥy) that Muhammad reported receiving until his death form the verses (āyah) of the Quran, upon which Islam is based, and are regarded by Muslims as the verbatim word of God and his final revelation. Besides the Quran, Muhammad's teachings and practices, found in transmitted reports, known as hadith, and in his biography (sīrah), are also upheld and used as sources of Islamic law. Apart from Islam, Muhammad has received praise in Sikhism as an inspirational figure, in the Druze faith as one of the seven main prophets, and in the Baháʼí Faith as a Manifestation of God.

ハディージャ・ビント・フワイリド（アラビア語:خديجة بنت خويلد Khadīja bint Khuwailid, 555年? - 619年）は、イスラーム教の預言者ムハンマドの最初の妻、商人。ムハンマドと結婚前に二人の亡き夫を持つ寡婦であり、相続した遺産でムハンマドを経済的にも支えた。クライシュ族アサド家に属するフワイリド・イブン・アサドの娘。ハディージャの父と預言者ムハンマドの祖父ははとこにあたる。預言者ムハンマドの最愛の妻。ムハンマドは彼女が死ぬまで再婚することはなかった。

ハディージャ・ビント・フワイリド（アラビア語:خديجة بنت خويلد Khadīja bint Khuwailid, 555年? - 619年）は、イスラーム教の預言者ムハンマドの最初の妻、商人。ムハンマドと結婚前に二人の亡き夫を持つ寡婦であり、相続した遺産でムハンマドを経済的にも支えた。クライシュ族アサド家に属するフワイリド・イブン・アサドの娘。ハディージャの父と預言者ムハンマドの祖父ははとこにあたる。預言者ムハンマドの最愛の妻。ムハンマドは彼女が死ぬまで再婚することはなかった。

Sawda bint Zam'a (Arabic: سودة بنت زمعة) was the second wife of Muhammad and regarded as "Umm-ul-Mu'mineen" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized: ʾumm al-muʾminīn), "Mother of the Believers".

アーイシャ・ビント・アブー・バクル（عائشة بنت أبي بكر ʿĀ'isha bint Abī Bakr, 614年頃 - 678年）は、イスラーム教の開祖ムハンマド・イブン＝アブドゥッラーフの3番目の妻で、初代正統カリフのアブー・バクル・アッ＝スィッディークの娘。スンナ派では預言者ムハンマド最愛の妻とされる。

Zaynab bint Khuzayma (Arabic: زينب بنت خزيمة) (c. 596 – 625), also known as Umm al-Masākīn (Arabic: أم المساكين, "Mother of the Poor"), was the fifth wife of Muhammad. As a result of her early death, less is known about her than about his other wives.

Hafsa bint Umar (Arabic: حفصة بنت عمر, romanized: Ḥafṣa bint ʿUmar; c. 605–665) was the fourth wife of Muhammad and a daughter of the second caliph Umar (r. 634–644). In Islamic writings, her name is thus often prefixed by the title "Mother of the Believers" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized: ʾumm al-muʾminīn).

Zaynab bint Jaḥsh (Arabic: زينب بنت جحش; c. 590–641) was the first cousin and the seventh wife of Muhammad and therefore, considered by Muslims to be a Mother of the Believers.

Juwayriya bint al-Harith (Arabic: جويرية بنت الحارث, romanized: Juwayriyyah bint al-Ḥārith; c. 608–676) was the eighth wife of Muhammad and so, considered to be a Mother of the Believers. She was from the Banu Mustaliq clan, and her father al-Harith was the chief of the clan.

Ramla bint Abi Sufyan ibn Harb (Arabic: رَمْلَة بِنْت أَبِي سُفْيَان ٱبْن حَرْب, romanized: Ramla bint Abī Sufyān ibn Ḥarb; c. 589 or 594–665), commonly known by her kunya Umm Habiba (Arabic: أُمُّ حَبِيبَة, romanized: Umm Ḥabība), was a wife of Muhammad.

Maymuna bint al-Harith al-Hilaliyya (Arabic: مَيْمُونَة ٱبْنَت ٱلْحَارِث ٱلْهِلَالِيَّة, romanized: Maymūna bint al-Ḥārith al-Hilālīyya; c. 594–671), was the eleventh and final wife of Muhammad. Her original name was Barra (Arabic: بَرَّة), which she changed to Maymuna—meaning "good tidings"—upon converting to Islam and marrying him, as his marriage to her marked the first time in seven years when he could enter his hometown of Mecca from Medina.

Hind bint Abi Umayya (Arabic: هِنْد ابِنْت أَبِي أُمَيَّة, Hind ʾibnat ʾAbī ʾUmayya, c. 580 or 596 – 680 or 683), better known as Umm Salama (Arabic: أُمّ سَلَمَة) or Hind al-Makhzūmiyya (Arabic: هِنْد ٱلْمَخْزُومِيَّة) was the sixth wife of Muhammad.

"Umm Salama" was her kunya meaning, "mother of Salama". She was one of the most influential female companions of Muhammad. She is recognized largely for recalling numerous Hadiths, or sayings and narrations attributed to Muhammad. Twelver Shia Muslims believe that Umm Salama was Muhammad's most important wife after Khadija.

Raihana bint Zaid ibn Amr, ريحانة بنت زيد بن عمرو / Raiḥāna bint Zaid b. ʿAmr, († 631 (im Jahr 10, nach der islamischen Zeitrechnung)) war Sklavin und – nach manchen Quellen – später eine Ehefrau Mohammeds.

Safiyya bint Huyayy (c. 610/614 – 664/672) was the tenth wife of Muhammad. Born in Yathrib to the Banu Nadir, one of the Jewish tribes of Arabia, Safiyya's father Huyayy ibn Akhtab and husband Kinana ibn al-Rabi were killed at the Battle of Khaybar in 628, after which she was taken captive by the early Muslims and subsequently married to the Muhammad. Like other wives of Muhammad, she is known to Muslims as a "Mother of the Believers" and is buried at the al-Baqi cemetery in Medina.

Maria la Copte (arabe : مَارِيَّة ٱلْقِبْطِيَّة, Māriyyah al-Qībtīyyāh) (morte en 637) est une esclave chrétienne égyptienne d’ethnie copte (chrétienne) capturée envoyée par Al-Muqawqis, aussi nommé Mouquauquès au prophète Mahomet pour devenir sa concubine et de leur relation naît Ibrahim.

Maria la Copte a marqué la mémoire musulmane et est citée tant sur les questions de genre que sur celle des relations avec les chrétiens. Présente dans les sources écrites à partir du IX^e siècle, elle est considérée, par la recherche islamologique, comme une figure littéraire, probablement fictionnelle.^{[réf. souhaitée]}